NX-OS and Cisco Nexus Switching: Next-Generation Data Center Architectures, 2nd Edition
- By Ron Fuller, David Jansen, Matthew McPherson
- Published Mar 13, 2013 by Cisco Press. Part of the Networking Technology series.
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- Copyright 2013
- Dimensions: 7-3/8" x 9-1/8"
- Pages: 864
- Edition: 2nd
- Book
- ISBN-10: 1-58714-304-6
- ISBN-13: 978-1-58714-304-5
NX-OS and Cisco Nexus Switching
Next-Generation Data Center Architectures
Second Edition
The complete guide to planning, configuring, managing, and troubleshooting NX-OS in the enterprise–updated with new technologies and examples
Using Cisco Nexus switches and the NX-OS operating system, data center professionals can build unified core networks that deliver unprecedented scalability, resilience, operational continuity, flexibility, and performance. NX-OS and Cisco Nexus Switching, Second Edition, is the definitive guide to applying these breakthrough technologies in real-world environments. This extensively updated edition contains five new chapters addressing a wide range of new technologies, including FabricPath, OTV, IPv6, QoS, VSG, Multi-Hop FCoE, LISP, MPLS, Layer 3 on Nexus 5000, and Config sync. It also presents a start-to-finish, step-by-step case study of an enterprise customer who migrated from Cisco Catalyst to a Nexus-based architecture, illuminated with insights that are applicable in virtually any enterprise data center. Drawing on decades of experience with enterprise customers, the authors cover every facet of deploying, configuring, operating, and troubleshooting NX-OS in today’s data center. You’ll find updated best practices for high availability, virtualization, security,
L2/L3 protocol and network support, multicast, serviceability, provision of networking and storage services, and more. Best of all, the authors present all the proven commands, sample configurations, and tips you need to apply these best practices in your data center.
Ron Fuller, CCIE No. 5851 (Routing and Switching/Storage Networking), Technical Marketing Engineer on Cisco’s Nexus 7000 team, specializes in helping customers design end-to-end data center architectures. Ron has 21 years of industry experience, including 7 at Cisco. He has spoken at Cisco Live on VDCs, NX-OS multicast, and general design.
David Jansen, CCIE No. 5952 (Routing/Switching), is a Cisco Technical Solutions Architect specializing in enterprise data center architecture. He has 20 years of industry experience, 15 of them at Cisco (6 as a solution architect); and has delivered several Cisco Live presentations on NX-OS and data center solutions.
Matthew McPherson, senior systems engineer and solutions architect for the Cisco Central Select Operation, specializes in data center architectures. He has 12 years of experience working with service providers and large finance and manufacturing enterprises, and possesses deep technical knowledge of routing, switching, and security.
- Understand the NX-OS command line, virtualization features, and file system
- Utilize the NX-OS comprehensive Layer 2/Layer 3 support: vPC, Spanning Tree Protocol, Cisco FabricPath, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP, HSRP, GLBP, and VRRP
- Configure IP multicast with PIM, Auto-RP, and MSDP
- Secure your network with CTS, SGTs, ACLs, CoPP, and DAI
- Establish a trusted set of network devices with Cisco TrustSec
- Maximize availability with ISSU, stateful process restart/switchover, and non-stop forwarding
- Improve serviceability with SPAN, ERSPAN, configuration checkpoints/rollback, packet analysis, Smart Call Home, Python, and PoAP
- Unify storage and Ethernet fabrics with FCoE, NPV, and NPIV
- Take full advantage of Nexus 1000V in a virtualized environment
- Achieve superior QoS with MQ CLI, queuing, and marking
- Extend L2 networks across L3 infrastructure with Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV)
- Deliver on SLAs by integrating MPLS application components such as L3 VPNs, traffic engineering, QoS, and mVPN
- Support mobility via the new Locator ID Separation Protocol (LISP)
- Walk step-by-step through a realistic Nexus and NX-OS data center migration
Related Articles
A Tour of Cisco Data Center Interconnect with OTV (Overlay Transport Virtualization)
Securing Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV) with Cisco TrustSec (CTS)
Online Sample Chapter
Cisco NX-OS and Cisco Nexus Switching: Unified Fabric
Sample Pages
Download the sample pages (includes Chapter 8 and Index)
Table of Contents
Foreword xxiii
Introduction xxiv
Chapter 1 Introduction to Cisco NX-OS 1
NX-OS Overview 1
NX-OS Supported Platforms 3
NX-OS Licensing 7
Nexus 7000 7
Nexus 5500 8
Nexus 3000 8
Nexus 2000 9
Nexus 1000v 9
Installing the NX-OS License File 9
Cisco NX-OS and Cisco IOS Comparison 10
NX-OS User Modes 12
EXEC Command Mode 12
Global Configuration Command Mode 13
Interface Configuration Command Mode 13
Management Interfaces 14
Controller Processor (Supervisor Module) 15
Connectivity Management Processor (CMP) 16
Telnet 18
SSH 19
SNMP 23
DCNM 26
Managing System Files 28
File Systems 28
Configuration Files: Configuration Rollback 33
Operating System Files 35
Virtual Device Contexts 37
VDC Configuration 43
VDC Interface Allocation 46
Interface Allocation: N7K-M132XP-12 and L 46
Interface Allocation: N7K-F132XP-15 47
Interface Allocation: N7K-M108X2-12L 48
Interface Allocation: 10/100/1000 Modules 48
Interface Allocation on M2 Modules 52
Troubleshooting 54
show Commands 54
debug Commands 55
Topology 56
Further Reading 57
Chapter 2 Layer 2 Support and Configurations 59
Layer 2 Overview 59
Store-and-Forward Switching 60
Cut-Through Switching 60
Fabric Extension via the Nexus 2000 60
Configuring Nexus 2000 Using Static Pinning 61
Nexus 2000 Static Pinning Verification 62
Configuring Nexus 2000 Using Port-Channels 66
Nexus 2000 Static Pinning Verification 67
Layer 2 Forwarding on a Nexus 7000 69
L2 Forwarding Verification 70
VLANs 71
Configuring VLANs 72
VLAN Trunking Protocol 72
Assigning VLAN Membership 73
Verifying VLAN Configuration 74
Private VLANs 76
Configuring PVLANs 77
Verifying PVLAN Configuration 80
Spanning Tree Protocol 80
Rapid-PVST+ Configuration 82
Verifying Spanning Tree State for a VLAN 83
Spanning Tree Timers 84
MST Configuration 87
Additional Spanning Tree Configuration 91
Port Cost 91
Port Priority 94
Spanning Tree Toolkit 94
BPDUGuard 94
BPDUFilter 95
RootGuard 96
LoopGuard 97
Dispute Mechanism 98
Bridge Assurance 98
Spanning Tree Port Types 99
Virtualization Hosts 100
Configuring Layer 2 Interfaces 100
Trunk Ports 100
Standard Host 101
Link to Virtualization Host 101
Port-Profiles 102
Port-Channels 103
Assigning Physical Ports to a Port-Channel 104
Port-Channel Flow Control 107
Verifying Load Distribution Across a Port-Channel 108
Virtual Port-Channels 109
vPC Peer-Gateway 116
vPC Peer-Switch 116
ARP Synchronization 117
Unidirectional Link Detection 118
Cisco FabricPath 119
vPC+ 127
Configuring vPC+ 127
Summary 133
Chapter 3 Layer 3 Support and Configurations 135
EIGRP 135
EIGRP Operation 136
Configuring EIGRP 137
EIGRP Summarization 142
EIGRP Stub Routing 145
Securing EIGRP 147
EIGRP Redistribution 149
OSPF 154
OSPFv2 Configuration 154
OSPF Summarization 160
OSPF Stub Routing 163
Securing OSPF 167
OSPF Redistribution 169
OSPFv3 Configuration 177
IS-IS 178
IS-IS Configuration 178
BGP 183
BGP Configuration 184
BGP Neighbors 187
Securing BGP 190
BGP Peer Templates 192
Advertising BGP Networks 194
Modifying BGP Routing Metrics 197
Verifying BGP-Specific Configuration 198
First Hop Redundancy Protocols 198
HSRP 199
HSRP Configuration 199
HSRP Priority and Preempt 200
Verifying the HSRP Configuration 201
Securing HSRP 202
HSRP Secondary Support 204
HSRP Support for IPv6 204
VRRP 205
VRRP Configuration 205
VRRP Priority and Preempt 207
Verifying VRRP Configuration 208
Securing VRRP 208
VRRP Secondary Support 209
HSRP, VRRP, and vPC Interactions 210
GLBP 212
GLBP Configuration 212
GLBP Priority and Preempt 214
Verifying GLBP Configuration 214
Securing GLBP 215
GLBP Secondary Support 218
Summary 220
Chapter 4 IP Multicast Configuration 221
Multicast Operation 221
Multicast Distribution Trees 222
Reverse Path Forwarding 225
Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) 225
RPs 226
PIM Configuration on Nexus 7000 and Nexus 5500 227
Configuring Static RPs 230
Configuring BSRs 232
Configuring Auto-RP 235
Configuring Anycast-RP 237
Configuring SSM and Static RPF 239
IGMP Operation 241
IGMP Configuration on Nexus 7000 242
IGMP Configuration on Nexus 5000 245
IGMP Configuration on Nexus 1000V 246
MSDP Configuration on Nexus 7000 248
Administrative Scoping of Multicast RPs in PIM 250
Configuring PIM Join and Prune Policies 252
Multicast and Control Plane Policing (CoPP) 253
Summary 253
Chapter 5 Security 255
Configuring RADIUS 256
RADIUS Configuration Distribution 259
Configuring TACACS+ 266
Enabling TACACS+ 266
TACACS+ Configuration Distribution 267
Configuring the Global TACACS+ Keys 268
Configuring the TACACS+ Server Hosts 268
Configuring TACACS+ Server Groups 269
Configuring TACACS+ Source Interface 270
Configuring SSH 275
Cisco TrustSec 278
Configuring AAA for Cisco TrustSec 281
Defining Network Device Admission Control 282
Configuring the Nexus 7000 for 802.1x and SGA Features 285
SGT Assignment via ISE Server 288
Policy Component: IP to SGT Mapping 290
Policy Component: SGACL Creation 292
Configuring Cisco TrustSec: IEEE 802.1AE LinkSec 294
Layer 2 Solutions Between Data Centers 301
Configuring IP ACLs 302
Configuring MAC ACLs 305
Configuring VLAN ACLs 307
Configuring Port Security 308
Security Violations and Actions 311
Configuring DHCP Snooping 313
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection 316
Dynamic ARP Inspection Trust State 317
Configuring IP Source Guard 321
Configuring Keychain Management 322
Configuring Traffic Storm Control 323
Configuring Unicast RPF 325
Configuring Control Plane Policing 327
Configuring Rate Limits 335
SNMPv3 340
Summary 347
Chapter 6 High Availability 349
Physical Redundancy 349
Redundant Power Supplies 350
Redundant Cooling System 352
Redundant Supervisors 355
Redundant Ethernet Out-of-Band (EOBC) 357
Redundant Fabric Modules 357
Generic Online Diagnostics 358
Bootup Diagnostics 359
Runtime Diagnostics 360
On-Demand Diagnostics 365
NX-OS High-Availability Architecture 365
Process Modularity 366
Process Restart 368
Stateful Switchover 369
Nonstop Forwarding 370
In-Service Software Upgrades 370
Summary 383
Chapter 7 Embedded Serviceability Features 385
SPAN 386
SPAN on Nexus 7000 386
Configuring SPAN on Nexus 7000 387
SPAN on Nexus 5x00 392
Configuring SPAN on Nexus 5x00 393
SPAN on Nexus 1000V 397
Configuring SPAN on Nexus 1000V 398
ERSPAN on Nexus 1000V 400
ERSPAN on Nexus 7000 406
ERSPAN on Nexus 5x00 412
Embedded Analyzer 414
Smart Call Home 424
Smart Call Home Configuration 428
Configuration Checkpoint and Rollback on Nexus 7000 431
Checkpoint Creation and Rollback 432
Configuration Checkpoint and Rollback on Nexus 5x00 434
Checkpoint Creation and Rollback 435
NetFlow 437
Configuring NetFlow on Nexus 7000 438
Configuring NetFlow on Nexus 1000V 442
Network Time Protocol 444
Precision Time Protocol 445
IEEE 802.3az (Energy Efficient Ethernet) 447
Power On Auto-Provisioning 448
Python 449
Summary 454
Chapter 8 Unified Fabric 455
Unified Fabric Overview 455
Enabling Technologies 456
10-Gigabit Ethernet 456
Fibre Channel over Ethernet 458
Single-Hop Fibre Channel over Ethernet 461
Multhop Fibre Channel over Ethernet 462
Storage VDC on Nexus 7000 463
N-Port Virtualization 465
N-Port Identification Virtualization 466
FCoE NPV Mode 466
Nexus 5x00 Unified Fabric Configuration 467
Single-Hop FCoE Configuration: Nexus 5x00 469
FCoE-NPV on Nexus 5x00 473
Nexus 7000 Unified Fabric Configuration 477
Summary 488
Chapter 9 Nexus 1000V 489
Hypervisor and vSphere Introduction 489
Nexus 1000V System Overview 490
Nexus 1000V Switching Overview 494
Nexus 1000V VSM Installation 496
Nexus 1000V Deployed on Nexus 1010 Virtual Services Blade 497
Registering the Nexus 1000V Plug-In to VMware Virtual Center Management Application 502
Configuring the SVS Domain and Networking Characteristics 507
Connecting the Nexus 1000V VSM to the vCenter Server 508
Nexus 1000V Installation Management Center 510
VEM Installation Option on the Nexus 1000V Management Installation Center 519
vCenter Connection Option on the Nexus 1000V Management Installation Center 523
Creating the Uplink Profile 526
Adding the VEM to a ESX vSphere Host 528
Enabling the Telnet Server Process 536
Changing the VSM Hostname 536
Layer 3 Control 536
1000V Port Profiles 542
Virtual Network Management Center 552
Installing Virtual Network Management Center Software from OVA Downloaded from Cisco.com 553
Adding the VM-Manager for vCenter Connectivity in VNMC Management Application 564
Configuring the Cisco VNMC Policy-Agent on the 1000v VSM 570
Virtual Security Gateway 571
Install Virtual Security Gateway on the Nexus 1010 574
Configuring the Cisco VNMC Policy-Agent on the VSG 577
Verify That the VSG and VSM Are Registered Clients in VNMC 578
Creating a Tenant in VMMC 579
Virtual Extensible LAN 602
Deploying Virtual Extensible LAN 604
Nexus 1000v Network Analysis Module 629
Installing Nexus 1000v Network Analysis Module 630
Deploying the Nexus 1000v NAM as a Virtual Services Blade on the Nexus 1010 641
Summary 642
Chapter 10 Quality of Service (QoS) 643
QoS on Nexus 7000 646
Forwarding Architecture 646
Network-QoS Policies 648
Queuing Policies 650
QoS and Nexus 2000 Fabric Extenders 661
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