Cisco TelePresence Fundamentals

By Tim Szigeti, Kevin McMenamy, Roland Saville, Alan Glowacki
Published May 8, 2009 by Cisco Press. Part of the Fundamentals series.

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Description

Sample Content

Updates

Copyright 2009
Pages: 624
Edition: 1st

eBook
ISBN-10: 1-58705-913-4
ISBN-13: 978-1-58705-913-1

Cisco TelePresence™ Systems (CTS) create live, face-to-face meeting experiences, providing a breakthrough virtual conferencing and collaboration experience that transcends anything previously achievable by videoconferencing. Although the business case for deploying CTS is compelling, implementing it requires advanced knowledge of the latest networking technologies, an attention to detail, and thorough planning. In this book, four leading CTS technical experts cover everything you need to know to successfully design and deploy CTS in your environment.

The authors cover every element of a working CTS solution: video, audio, signaling protocols and call processing, LAN and WAN design, multipoint, security, inter-company connectivity, and much more. They deliver start-to-finish coverage of CTS design for superior availability, QoS support, and security in converged networks. They also present the first chapter-length design guide of it’s kind detailing the room requirements and recommendations for lighting, acoustics, and ambience within various types of TelePresence rooms.

Cisco Telepresence Fundamentals is an indispensable resource for all technical professionals tasked with deploying CTS, including netadmins, sysadmins, audio/video specialists, VoIP specialists, and operations staff. This is the only book that:

Introduces every component of a complete CTS solution and shows how they work together
Walks through connecting CTS in real-world environments
Demonstrates how to secure virtual meetings using Cisco firewalls and security protocols
Includes a full chapter on effective TelePresence room design
Walks through every aspect of SIP call signaling design, including both single-cluster and intercluster examples for use in a TelePresence environment
Provides prequalification, room, and network path assessment considerations to help you anticipate and avoid problems

Tim Szigeti, CCIE® No. 9794, technical leader within the Cisco® Enterprise Systems Engineering team, is responsible for defining Cisco TelePresence network deployment best practices. He also coauthored the Cisco Press book End-to-End QoS Network Design. Kevin McMenamy, senior manager of technical marketing in the Cisco TelePresence Systems Business Unit, has spent the past nine years at Cisco supporting IP videoconferencing, video telephony, and unified communications. Roland Saville, technical leader for the Cisco Enterprise Systems Engineering team, tests and develops best-practice design guides for Cisco TelePresence enterprise deployments. Alan Glowacki is a Cisco technical marketing engineer responsible for supporting Cisco TelePresence customers and sales teams.

Use Cisco TelePresence Systems (CTS) to enhance global teamwork and collaboration, both within your own enterprise and with your customers, partners, and vendors
Understand how the various components of the Cisco TelePresence Solution connect and work together
Integrate CTS into existing LAN, enterprise, and service provider networks
Successfully design and deploy a global TelePresence network
Understand the importance of room dimensions, acoustics, lighting, and ambience and how to properly design the physical room environment
Provide the high levels of network availability CTS requires
Leverage the Cisco quality of service (QoS) tools most relevant to CTS network provisioning and deployment
Systematically secure CTS using TLS, dTLS, sRTP, SSH, and Cisco firewalls

This book is part of the Cisco Press® Fundamentals Series. Books in this series introduce networking professionals to new networking technologies, covering network topologies, sample deployment concepts, protocols, and management techniques.

Category: IP Communications

Covers: Cisco TelePresence Systems

Contents

Introduction xix

Part I: Introducing Cisco Telepresence 3

Chapter 1 What Is Telepresence? 5

Evolution of Video Communications 5

It’s All About the Experience! 9

How Is TelePresence Different Than Video Conferencing? 11

Quality 12

Simplicity 13

Reliability 13

Bandwidth Requirements 14

Chapter 2 Cisco TelePresence Solution Overview 17

The Cisco TelePresence Solution 17

Cisco TelePresence Codec 18

Industry-Leading Audio and Video 20

Video Resolution and Compression Formats 21

Audio Resolution and Compression Formats 23

Collaboration Tools 24

Audio and Video Multiplexing 25

Cisco 7975 Series IP Phone 25

Cisco TelePresence System 3000 26

Three Native 1080p High-Definition Cameras 27

Three 65-Inch High-Definition Plasma Displays 27

Purpose-Built Meeting Table, Integrated Projector, and
Lighting Shroud 28

Multichannel Wide-Band Audio 29

Cisco TelePresence System 3200 29

Extended Camera Focal View 30

Second Row Seating 30

Extension of Each Table Segment 31

Optional Displays for Shared Content 31

Cisco TelePresence System 1000 32

One Native 1080p High-Definition Camera 33

One 65-Inch High-Definition Plasma Display 33

Integrated Lighting Shroud 33

One Wide-band Microphone and Speaker 34

Cisco TelePresence System 500 34

One Native 1080p High-Definition Camera 34

One 37-Inch High-Definition LCD Display 34

Integrated Lighting Shroud 36

Integrated Wideband Microphone and Speaker 36

Multiple Configuration Options 36

Cisco Unified Communications Manager 36

Cisco TelePresence Manager 38

Calendaring Integration and Management 38

One-Button-to-Push Meeting Access 38

Resource and Location Management for Cisco TelePresence Multipoint Switch 39

CTS System Management and Reporting 41

Concierge Services 41

Cisco TelePresence Multipoint Switch 42

Cisco TelePresence Inter-Company 43

Operation, Administration, and Monitoring 45

Related TelePresence Services 47

Cisco TelePresence Planning, Design, and Implementation 47

Cisco TelePresence Essential Operate Service 49

Cisco TelePresence Select Operate and TelePresence Remote Assistance Service 49

Part II: Telepresence Technologies 53

Chapter 3 TelePresence Audio and Video Technologies 55

Codec Design Requirements 55

Codec System Architecture 56

Codec Physical Design 56

Master and Slave Codec Architecture 56

Codec Operating System Software 59

Encoding and Packetization 61

Camera and Auxiliary Video Inputs 62

Video Encoding 63

Audio Encoding 68

Real-Time Transport Protocol 70

TelePresence Packet Rates 73

Depacketization and Decoding 77

Managing Latency, Jitter, and Loss 77

Summary of Latency, Jitter, Loss Targets and Thresholds,
and Actions 82

Demultiplexing and Decoding 83

Audio-Only Participants 87

Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency 89

RFC 2833 90

Key-Pad Markup Language 90

Other Protocols 90

How DTMF Tones Are Processed in Cisco TelePresence 91

Interoperability with Out-of-Band Collaboration Applications 92

Interoperability with Video Conferencing 92

Interoperability RTP Channels 93

Chapter 4 Connecting TelePresence Systems 99

Internal TelePresence System Connections 99

Connecting a CTS-500 System 99

Connecting a CTS-1000 System 100

Connecting a CTS-3000 System 101

Connecting a CTS-3200 System 104

TelePresence Network Interaction 106

TelePresence Network Deployment Models 111

Intracampus Deployment Model 112

Intra-Enterprise Deployment Model 112

Intercompany Deployment Model 114

TelePresence Phases of Deployment 116

Chapter 5 Network Availability Technologies 121

Network Availability 121

Device Availability Technologies 125

Stackwise/Stackwise Plus 126

Nonstop Forwarding with Stateful Switchover 128

Network Availability Protocols 132

L2 Network Availability Protocols 132

L3 Network Availability Protocols 147

Operational Availabilities Technologies 155

Generic Online Diagnostics 156

Chapter 6 Network Quality of Service Technologies 161

Modular QoS Command-Line Interface 161

Classification Tools 162

Class Maps 162

Network Based Application Recognition 163

Marking Tools 165

Ethernet 802.1Q/p CoS 165

MPLS EXP 166

Differentiated Services Code Points 167

Policing Tools 172

Single-Rate Policers 173

Dual-Rate Policers 174

Shaping Tools 178

Queuing Tools 181

CBWFQ 181

LLQ 183

Hardware Queuing: 1PxQyT 187

Dropping Tools 190

WRED 192

DSCP-Based WRED 193

Explicit Congestion Notification 194

HQoS 196

Chapter 7 TelePresence Control and Security Protocols 203

Network Control Protocols 203

IEEE 802.1p/Q: VLAN Tagging and CoS 203

IEEE 802.1p/Q Utilization Within Cisco TelePresence Networks 205

IEEE 802.3af: Power over Ethernet 205

Network Time Protocol (NTP) 206

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 207

Signaling Protocols 208

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) 208

XML/SOAP 213

AXL/SOAP 216

JTAPI, TAPI, and CTIQBE 216

WebDAV 217

LDAP 217

Network Management Protocols 217

Cisco Discovery Protocol 218

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) 222

Simple Network Management Protocol 223

TelePresence Security Protocols 226

Transport Layer Security (TLS) 226

Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol (sRTP) 228

Bandwidth Impact of Enabling TelePresence Encryption 232

Secure Shell (SSH) 232

Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) 233

Part III: Telepresence System Design 237

Chapter 8 TelePresence Room Design 239

Room Dimensions, Shape, and Orientation 239

Width Requirements 240

Depth Requirements 245

Height Requirements 249

Angles, Shape, and Orientation 253

Doors and Windows 258

Wall, Floor, and Ceiling Surfaces 259

Wall Surfaces 259

Flooring Surfaces 262

Ceiling Surfaces 263

Lighting and Illumination 265

Considering Light Angles and Direction 266

Considering Light Color Temperature 266

Measuring Light Intensity 269

Light Fixture and Bulb Considerations 271

Light Fixture Ballast Considerations 275

Acoustics 276

Measuring Ambient Noise 277

Measuring Reverberation 279

Targeted and Maximum Ambient Noise and Reverberation Levels 281

Controlling Ambient Noise and Reverberation Levels 281

Scenarios for Mitigating Ambient Noise and Reverberation 283

HVAC 283

HVAC Air Noise Diffusion Considerations 289

Power Requirements 290

Network Connectivity 294

Chapter 9 TelePresence Network Design Part 1: Availability Design 297

TelePresence Availability Considerations and Targets 297

Highly Available Campus Design for TelePresence 299

Redundancy 300

Hierarchy 301

Modularity 303

Multitier Campus Distribution Block Design 304

Virtual Switch Campus Distribution Block Design 307

Routed Access Campus Distribution Block Design 311

Highly Available Branch Designs for TelePresence 330

Dual-Tier Branch Profiles 331

Multitier Branch Profiles 333

Chapter 10 TelePresence Network Design Part 2: Quality of Service Design 339

TelePresence QoS Considerations 339

TelePresence Service Level Requirements 339

TelePresence DiffServ Strategy 349

Campus QoS Design for TelePresence 356

Catalyst 3560/3750 QoS Design for TelePresence 359

Catalyst 4500/4900 QoS Design for TelePresence 366

Catalyst 6500 QoS Design for TelePresence 374

Branch QoS Designs for TelePresence 381

LLQ Versus CBWFQ over the WAN/VPN? 383

Branch MPLS VPN QoS Considerations and Design 392

Chapter 11 TelePresence Firewall Design 407

Cisco Firewall Platforms 407

Firewall Deployment Options 409

Transparent Versus Routed Mode 409

Equal Versus Unequal Interface Security Levels 410

Network Address Translation 411

Application Layer Protocol Inspection 413

TLS Proxy Functionality 413

TelePresence Protocol Requirements 413

Device Provisioning Flows 414

Configuration Download and Device Registration Protocols 416

Call Scheduling and Services Flows 419

Call Signaling Flows 421

Media Flows 421

Management Flows 424

Example Firewall Configuration 428

Chapter 12 TelePresence Call-Signaling Design 435

Overview of TelePresence Call-Signaling Components 435

CUCM: SIP Registrar and Back-to-Back User Agent 435

CTS Endpoints: SIP User Agents 437

CTMS: SIP Trunk 437

Cisco TelePresence SBC and CUBE: B2BUA and Media Proxy 437

Session Description Protocol 438

Bandwidth Negotiation 440

Media Negotiation 440

Other Negotiated Parameters 441

CTS Boot Process 441

Single-Cluster Call Signaling Examples 443

CTS Endpoint Registration 443

Call Setup 445

Call Termination 448

Call Hold 449

Intercluster Call Signaling 450

Single Enterprise Signaling 450

Business-to-Business Signaling 450

Chapter 13 Multipoint TelePresence Design 455

CTMS Overview 455

CTMS Meeting Types 457

CTMS Meeting Features 459

Multipoint Resources 462

Geographical Resource Management 463

Quality of Service 463

Meeting Security 464

Meeting Management 465

Audio and Video Flows in a Multipoint TelePresence Design 466

Audio in a Multipoint TelePresence Meeting 466

Video in a Multipoint TelePresence Meeting 467

TelePresence Interoperability 469

Network Design Considerations for Multipoint TelePresence 472

Deployment Models 472

Additional Latency 473

Bandwidth Considerations 475

Burst Considerations 477

Positioning of the CTMS Within the Network 481

Placement Within the Campus 481

Placement within the Branch 482

LAN Switch Platform Considerations 482

WAN Circuit Support 483

Basic Configuration Requirements for Multipoint TelePresence 484

CUCM Configuration Requirements 484

CTMS Configuration Requirements 484

Chapter 14 Inter-Company TelePresence Design 487

End-to-End Application Requirements 488

Experience Quality Requirements 488

Ease of Use Requirements 489

Reliability Requirements 489

Security Requirements 489

Nonproprietary Requirements 490

Scalability Requirements 490

Solution Components 490

Network Architecture and Security 492

Public E.164 Dialing 494

Inter-VPN Connectivity 495

End-to-End Application-Layer Security 510

Inter-Company Deployment Models 517

Converged Versus Overlay Access Circuits 518

Centralized Inter-Company Access Circuit 518

Multiple, Decentralized Inter-Company Access Circuits 523

Inter-Company Dialing Models 528

Scheduling Inter-Company Meetings 531

Multiple Service Provider Peering 533

Appendix Protocols Used in Cisco TelePresence Solutions 539

TOC, 9781587055935, 5-4-09

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