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CCNA Wireless 640-722 Official Cert Guide

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CCNA Wireless 640-722 Official Cert Guide

By David Hucaby
Published Feb 27, 2014 by Cisco Press. Part of the Certification Guide series.

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Copyright 2014
Edition: 1st

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ISBN-10: 0-13-344570-4
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-344570-1

Trust the best-selling Official Cert Guide series from Cisco Press to help you learn, prepare, and practice for exam success. They are built with the objective of providing assessment, review, and practice to help ensure you are fully prepared for your certification exam.

Master Cisco CCNA Wireless 640-722 exam topics
Assess your knowledge with chapter-opening quizzes
Review key concepts with exam preparation tasks

This is the eBook edition of the CCNA Wireless 640-722 Official Certification Guide. This eBook does not include the companion CD-ROM with practice exam that comes with the print edition.

CCNA Wireless 640-722 Official Certification Guide presents you with an organized test preparation routine through the use of proven series elements and techniques. “Do I Know This Already?” quizzes open each chapter and enable you to decide how much time you need to spend on each section. Exam topic lists make referencing easy. Chapter-ending Exam Preparation Tasks help you drill on key concepts you must know thoroughly.

CCNA Wireless 640-722 Official Certification Guide focuses specifically on the objectives for the Cisco CCNA Wireless 640-722 exam. Expert network architect David Hucaby (CCIE No. 4594) shares preparation hints and test-taking tips, helping you identify areas of weakness and improve both your conceptual knowledge and hands-on skills. Material is presented in a concise manner, focusing on increasing your understanding and retention of exam topics.

Well regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, comprehensive design scenarios, and challenging review questions and exercises, this official study guide helps you master the concepts and techniques that will enable you to succeed on the exam the first time.

The official study guide helps you master all the topics on the CCNA Wireless 640-722 exam, including the following:

RF signals, modulation, and standards
Antennas
WLAN topologies, configuration, and troubleshooting
Wireless APs
CUWN architecture
Controller configuration, discovery, and maintenance
Roaming
Client configuration
RRM
Wireless security
Guest networks
WCS network management
Interference

CCNA Wireless 640-722 Official Certification Guide is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.

Introduction xix

Chapter 1 RF Signals and Modulation 3

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 3

Foundation Topics 7

Comparing Wired and Wireless Networks 7

Understanding Basic Wireless Theory 8

Understanding Frequency 10

Understanding Phase 14

Measuring Wavelength 14

Understanding RF Power and dB 15

        Important dB Facts to Remember 17

        Comparing Power Against a Reference: dBm 19

        Measuring Power Changes Along the Signal Path 20

        Understanding Power Levels at the Receiver 23

Carrying Data Over an RF Signal 24

FHSS 26

DSSS 27

        1-Mbps Data Rate 28

        2-Mbps Data Rate 29

        5.5-Mbps Data Rate 30

        11-Mbps Data Rate 30

OFDM 31

Modulation Summary 32

Exam Preparation Tasks 34

Review All Key Topics 34

Key Terms 34

Chapter 2 RF Standards 37

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 37

Foundation Topics 41

Regulatory Bodies 41

ITU-R 41

FCC 42

ETSI 44

Other Regulatory Bodies 45

IEEE Standards Body 45

802.11 Channel Use 47

Channels in the 2.4-GHz ISM Band 47

Channels in the 5-GHz U-NII Bands 49

IEEE 802.11 Standards 51

802.11-1997 52

802.11b 52

802.11g 52

802.11a 54

802.11n 55

        Channel Aggregation 57

        Spatial Multiplexing 58

        MAC Layer Efficiency 59

        Transmit Beam Forming (T×BF) 60

        Maximal-Ratio Combining 61

        802.11n Modulation and Coding Schemes 61

Beyond 802.11n 62

Wi-Fi Alliance 63

Exam Preparation Tasks 64

Review All Key Topics 64

Define Key Terms 64

Chapter 3 RF Signals in the Real World 67

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 67

Foundation Topics 70

Interference 70

Co-Channel Interference 70

Neighboring Channel Interference 71

Non-802.11 Interference 72

Free Space Path Loss 72

Mitigating the Effects of Free Space Path Loss 74

Effects of Physical Objects 76

Reflection 76

Absorption 78

Scattering 78

Refraction 79

Diffraction 80

Fresnel Zones 80

Exam Preparation Tasks 83

Review All Key Topics 83

Define Key Terms 83

Chapter 4 Understanding Antennas 85

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 85

Foundation Topics 88

Antenna Characteristics 88

Radiation Patterns 88

Gain 91

Beamwidth 92

Polarization 92

Antenna Types 93

Omnidirectional Antennas 94

Directional Antennas 97

Antenna Summary 101

Adding Antenna Accessories 101

Exam Preparation Tasks 103

Review All Key Topics 103

Define Key Terms 103

Chapter 5 Wireless LAN Topologies 105

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 105

Foundation Topics 108

Types of Wireless Networks 108

Wireless LAN Topologies 109

Basic Service Set 110

Distribution System 112

Extended Service Set 114

Independent Basic Service Set 115

Other Wireless Topologies 116

Repeater 116

Workgroup Bridge 117

Outdoor Bridge 118

Mesh Network 119

Exam Preparation Tasks 120

Review All Key Topics 120

Define Key Terms 120

Chapter 6 Understanding 802.11 Frame Types 123

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 123

802.11 Frame Format 126

802.11 Frame Addressing 128

Accessing the Wireless Medium 130

Carrier Sense 131

Collision Avoidance 132

802.11 Frame Types 134

Management Frames 134

Control Frames 135

Data Frames 136

Client Housekeeping 136

A Client Scans for APs 137

A Client Joins a BSS 138

A Client Leaves a BSS 139

A Client Moves Between BSSs 140

A Client Saves Power 142

Exam Preparation Tasks 145

Review All Key Topics 145

Define Key Terms 145

Chapter 7 Planning Coverage with Wireless APs 147

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 147

AP Cell Size 150

Tuning Cell Size with Transmit Power 150

Tuning Cell Size with Data Rates 152

Adding APs to an ESS 153

The Roaming Process 155

WLAN Channel Layout 157

Exam Preparation Tasks 161

Review All Key Topics 161

Define Key Terms 161

Chapter 8 Using Autonomous APs 163

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 163

Foundation Topics 166

Autonomous Architecture 166

Configuring an Autonomous AP 167

Connecting the AP 167

Configuring the AP 170

Converting an Autonomous AP 174

Using the Autonomous to Lightweight Mode Upgrade Tool 174

Converting an Autonomous AP Manually 176

Exam Preparation Tasks 178

Review All Key Topics 178

Define Key Terms 178

Chapter 9 Understanding the CUWN Architecture 181

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 181

Foundation Topics 184

A Distributed Architecture 184

A Centralized Architecture 186

Split-MAC Architecture 188

Traffic Patterns in a CUWN 190

CUWN Building Blocks 192

Cisco Wireless LAN Controllers 192

Cisco Lightweight APs 194

CUWN Management 197

Exam Preparation Tasks 198

Review All Key Topics 198

Chapter 10 Initial Controller Configuration 201

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 201

Foundation Topics 204

Connecting the Controller 204

Using Controller Ports 204

Using Controller Interfaces 206

Running the Initial Setup Wizard 208

Initial Setup with the Web Interface 208

Initial Setup with the CLI 216

Exam Preparation Tasks 218

Review All Key Topics 218

Define Key Terms 218

Chapter 11 Understanding Controller Discovery 221

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 221

Foundation Topics 224

Discovering a Controller 224

AP States 224

Discovering a WLC 226

Selecting a WLC 227

Designing High Availability 228

Detecting a Controller Failure 230

Building Redundancy 231

        N+1 Redundancy 231

        N+N Redundancy 232

        N+N+1 Redundancy 232

        AP SSO Redundancy 233

Exam Preparation Tasks 235

Review All Key Topics 235

Define Key Terms 236

Chapter 12 Understanding Roaming 239

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 239

Foundation Topics 242

Roaming with Autonomous APs 242

Intracontroller Roaming 244

Intercontroller Roaming 246

Layer 2 Roaming 247

Layer 3 Roaming 248

Using Mobility Groups 252

Exam Preparation Tasks 256

Review All Key Topics 256

Define Key Terms 256

Chapter 13 Understanding RRM 259

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 259

Foundation Topics 262

Configuring 802.11 Support 262

Configuring Data Rates 263

Configuring 802.11n Support 264

Understanding RRM 265

RF Groups 267

TPC 269

DCA 272

Coverage Hole Detection 274

Manual RF Configuration 276

Verifying RRM Results 278

Exam Preparation Tasks 279

Review All Key Topics 279

Define Key Terms 279

Chapter 14 Wireless Security Fundamentals 281

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 282

Foundation Topics 285

Anatomy of a Secure Connection 285

Authentication 286

Message Privacy 287

Message Integrity 288

Intrusion Protection 289

Wireless Client Authentication Methods 290

Open Authentication 290

WEP 291

802.1x/EAP 292

        LEAP 294

        EAP-FAST 294

        PEAP 294

        EAP-TLS 295

Wireless Privacy and Integrity Methods 295

TKIP 295

CCMP 296

WPA and WPA2 297

Securing Management Frames with MFP 298

Configuring Wireless Security 298

Configuring WPA or WPA2 Personal 299

Configuring WPA2 Enterprise Mode 300

Configuring WPA2 Enterprise with Local EAP 302

Exam Preparation Tasks 305

Review All Key Topics 305

Define Key Terms 305

Chapter 15 Configuring a WLAN 307

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 307

Foundation Topics 309

WLAN Overview 309

Configuring a WLAN 310

Configuring a RADIUS Server 310

Creating a Dynamic Interface 312

Creating a New WLAN 313

Configuring WLAN Security 315

Configuring WLAN QoS 317

Configuring Advanced WLAN Settings 318

Finalizing WLAN Configuration 319

Exam Preparation Tasks 320

Review All Key Topics 320

Chapter 16 Implementing a Wireless Guest Network 323

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 323

Foundation Topics 325

Guest Network Overview 325

Configuring a Guest Network 326

Scaling the Guest Network 329

Exam Preparation Tasks 332

Review All Key Topics 332

Define Key Terms 332

Chapter 17 Understanding Wireless Clients 335

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 335

Foundation Topics 338

Configuring Common Wireless Clients 338

Windows 7 and 8 338

Intel PROSet 341

Android 345

Apple OS X 346

Cisco AnyConnect 348

Cisco Compatible Extensions 352

Exam Preparation Tasks 356

Review All Key Topics 356

Define Key Terms 356

Chapter 18 Managing Wireless Networks with WCS 359

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 359

Foundation Topics 362

WCS Overview 362

Alarm Summary Dashboard 364

Main Navigation Area 366

WCS Home Area 366

Using WCS to Configure Devices 368

Using WCS Maps 370

Displaying Maps 370

Manipulating APs on Maps 373

Viewing Information on Maps 375

Generating Reports 377

Exam Preparation Tasks 381

Review All Key Topics 381

Chapter 19 Dealing with Wireless Interference 383

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 383

Understanding Types of Interference 386

Bluetooth 386

ZigBee 387

Cordless Phones 388

Microwave Ovens 388

WiMAX 388

Other Devices 389

Using Cisco CleanAir to Manage Interference 390

Enabling CleanAir 392

Air-Quality Index 394

Using Event-Driven RRM 396

Exam Preparation Tasks 397

Review All Key Topics 397

Define Key Terms 398

Chapter 20 Troubleshooting WLAN Connectivity 401

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 401

Foundation Topics 405

Troubleshooting Client Connectivity 405

Troubleshooting Clients from the Controller 406

Performing a Link Test 411

Debugging a Client 412

Troubleshooting Clients from WCS/NCS 415

Troubleshooting AP Connectivity 420

Verifying AP-to-WLC Connectivity 420

Verifying AP-to-Network Connectivity 422

Exam Preparation Tasks 425

Review All Key Topics 425

Chapter 21 Maintaining Controllers 427

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 427

Accessing WLC and AP Management Interfaces 430

Accessing APs 432

Maintaining WLC Code Images 434

Maintaining WLC Configurations 437

Working with WLC Logs 439

Exam Preparation Tasks 444

Review All Key Topics 444

Chapter 22 Final Review 447

Advice About the Exam Event 447

Learn the Question Types Using the Cisco Certification Exam Tutorial 447

Think About Your Time Budget 452

Other Pre-Exam Suggestions 453

Final Thoughts 455

Appendix A Answers to “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes 457

Chapter 1 457

Chapter 2 458

Chapter 3 459

Chapter 4 459

Chapter 5 460

Chapter 6 461

Chapter 7 461

Chapter 8 462

Chapter 9 463

Chapter 10 464

Chapter 11 464

Chapter 12 465

Chapter 13 466

Chapter 14 467

Chapter 15 467

Chapter 16 468

Chapter 17 468

Chapter 18 469

Chapter 19 469

Chapter 20 470

Chapter 21 471

Appendix B Modulation and Coding Schemes 473

Key Terms Glossary 481

Index 494

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