Review Activities
Chapter Summary
- Many problems can occur on the host or the default router, or between the two.
- A typical IPv4 host gets its four key IPv4 settings either statically or dynamically.
- To begin troubleshooting the host, use the ipconfig or ifconfig command to ensure IPv4 settings correctly match. If you are using DHCP, the ipconfig or ifconfig command will enable you to see whether DHCP has failed to learn any of the IPv4 settings.
- The host and router should attach to the exact same subnet with the same subnet ID and same range of IP addresses.
- When a host lists the wrong IP addresses for the DNS servers, the user actions that require name resolution will fail.
- Any network testing with commands like ping and traceroute fails when using names but works when using IP addresses when there is a problem with the DNS settings.
- Having a host that lists the wrong IP address as its default router will cause network problems.
- The default router’s configuration can cause problems in a network that may stem from mismatched VLAN trunking configurations, DHCP relay issues, router LAN interface, and LAN issues.
- If a router omits the ip helper-address command on a LAN interface, DHCP fails for those clients.
- Another problem with network connectivity can exist with the routing or how a router forwards a packet.
- The show ip route command plays a huge role in troubleshooting IP routing and IP routing protocol problems.
- In some cases, overlapping routes cause a problem, while in other cases, the overlapping routes are just a normal result of using some feature.
Review All the Key Topics
Review the most important topics from this chapter, noted with the Key Topic icon. Table 5-4 lists these key topics and where each is discussed.
Table 5-4. Key Topics for Chapter 5
Key Topic Element |
Description |
Page Number |
List |
Two root causes of DNS problems. |
136 |
List |
The rules for configuring ROAS. |
138 |
List |
Items to verify for switch trunking configuration to match a router’s ROAS configuration. |
140 |
List |
Conditions that must be true for DHCP messages to be able to flow from a client to a DHCP server. |
141 |
Table 5-1 |
Common reasons why router LAN interfaces are not up/up. |
142 |
Definition |
When more than one route matches a packet’s destination address, the router uses the “best” (most specific) route. |
143 |
List |
Types of overlapping IP address configuration issues that IOS can and cannot recognize. |
149 |
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory
Print a copy of DVD Appendix D, “Memory Tables,” or at least the section for this chapter, and complete the tables and lists from memory. DVD Appendix E, “Memory Tables Answer Key,” includes completed tables and lists to check your work.
Definitions of Key Terms
After your first reading of the chapter, try to define these key terms, but do not be concerned about getting them all correct at that time. Chapter 22 directs you in how to use these terms for late-stage preparation for the exam.